China’s manufacturing industry’s “difficult tone” under heavy taxation is likely to be more

Abstract Cao Dewang has brought people's attention to Fuyao Group and manufacturing industry to compare the "truth" of manufacturing costs in China and the United States. Some friends advised him not to talk indiscriminately, but he thought that he only pointed out objective problems in a realistic way and reminded everyone...
Cao Dewang has brought people's attention to Fuyao Group and manufacturing industry by comparing the "truth" of manufacturing costs in China and the United States. Some friends advised him not to talk indiscriminately, but he thought that he only pointed out objective questions and asked everyone to wake up.
The 70-year-old entrepreneur, who founded the Fuyao Group, started from the water meter glass and became the second glass king in China and the second in the world in 2013.
Some people say that Cao Dewang is very contradictory: the office is as big as a basketball court, but the lunch is only solved in the company cafeteria, no more than 5 minutes; in Fuzhou, a 6000 square meter mansion is built, but 70% of the company’s shares are donated to the charity foundation. As a group chairman and Buddhist, I admit that I have encountered problems in my marriage.
Reality may be the most appropriate description of Cao Dewang. Compared with the new generation of Chinese entrepreneurs, the older generation of entrepreneurs often give people a low-key impression of "speaking and making a fortune", which is also a great philosophy of the Chinese people.
The reality behind adults is often courage. Unlike the little boy who tells the truth in the story of "The Emperor's New Clothes", Cao Dewang was a half-born in the business world, not an ignorant. In Cao Dewang's "to consider how to improve the country's competitiveness, not to be flattering, not marginal nonsense" behind the remarks, is his courage to speak the truth.
In his autobiography, he talked about his own history of buying and selling in the era of planned economy, the history of struggle with local governments, and dissatisfaction with some partners in the process of entrepreneurship.
Today, his frankness and courage have sparked a big discussion about the cost of China's manufacturing industry. Cao Dewang’s "truth" tells the predicament of China's manufacturing industry. Under the background of China's economic downturn, the multiple factors such as tax burden, raw material prices and environmental protection strictness have made the manufacturing industry more difficult to find than in the past. However, Cao Dewang's words have spread these issues to the public.

Industrial difficulties
Glass King, the world's second, China's first good... Fu Yao Group Chairman Cao Dewang has such aura and label.
But he got another attention because of his remarks about the cost of manufacturing between China and the United States. "The comprehensive tax burden of China's manufacturing industry is 35% higher than that of the United States. The land is basically no money. The electricity price is half of that of China. The natural gas price is one-fourth of that of China. China has an advantage over the United States, only the labor force." Cao Dewang in the interview The unobstructed expression was blamed for the title of “Cao Dewang ran away”.
This is far from the original intention of Cao Dewang's remarks. After all, two-thirds of the Fuyao Group's business comes from China. As Cao Dewang himself said, he did not run, and his career focus is on China.
At the age of 16, Cao Dewang, who started to do business, is different from the cost and risk of the company. In 2006, on the eve of the financial crisis, the RMB exchange rate fluctuated slightly. Labor insurance law, environmental protection law and highway law were subsequently introduced. From these clues, Cao Dewang smelled a dangerous atmosphere.
His judgment is that the appreciation of the renminbi and the implementation of various laws and regulations will bring unsustainable costs to small and medium-sized manufacturing industries with export-oriented industries. The local cadres in Zengcheng, Guangdong, told Cao Dewang that almost every day, the company evaporated and the boss ran. In April 2007, he Cao Dewang judged that the crisis would occur within three years. The group must pay close attention to the production, management and marketing costs, and then closed four building-level float lines.
In 2008, the financial crisis pre-determined by Cao Dewang came as scheduled, and the self-rescue action prepared by Fuyao Group in advance played a role, and there was still room to support other downstream auto companies.
At that time, in response to the financial crisis, the Chinese government increased its policy to drive momentum, and steel, cement, glass and other manufacturing industries ushered in further demand growth, and the country's GDP growth rate remained high. Nowadays, the downward pressure on economic growth has increased, and the manufacturing industry is in pain.
Last year, a report released by Boston Consulting showed that the overall cost of China's manufacturing industry was only 5% lower than that of the US due to factors such as labor costs, exchange rates and energy costs. Trump, who just won the US presidential election, claimed that to return the manufacturing industry to the United States, "China has stolen our work and snatched money... We have to get the work back."
From "Don't let Huawei run" to "Cao Dewang ran away", these ridiculous rumors actually reveal more about the reality faced by China's manufacturing industry - China's manufacturing industry's cost to the background The fluctuations are getting more and more sensitive. And Cao Dewang’s remarks put these realities in front of everyone’s eyes.
The comparison of Chinese and American manufacturing is not a new topic. In 2014, Zhejiang Cixi Jiangnan Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Jiangnan Chemical Fiber”), a data on the cost comparison between China and the United States, came to a similar conclusion with Cao Dewang and was widely circulated.
In 2014, Jiangnan Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. invested and established a factory in South Carolina, USA, becoming the first Chinese company to establish a reclaimed polyester staple fiber manufacturing plant in the United States. The first phase plans to invest 25 million US dollars, and the second phase plans to invest 20 million US dollars.
In the cost comparison between Jiangnan Chemical Fiber and the establishment of enterprises of the same size in China and the United States, China’s costs in terms of land, logistics, bank borrowing and energy costs are 9 times, 2 times, 2.4 times and more than 2 times that of the United States. This gap has also caused concern from the outside world. "This simple cost comparison is more one-sided." Jiangnan Chemical Fiber Office staff said that the cost comparison between China and the United States is objective, but it does not combine the company's sales and market conditions. The staff member also told the Economic Observer that for companies like Fuyao Group and Jiangnan Chemical Fiber, which have import and export business, they also face the problem of RMB exchange rate fluctuations. "Enterprises are profit-seeking. Where is the profit, where is it to build factories? This is a normal thing. So many foreign companies have come to China to build factories. Is this not reasonable?" Jiangnan Chemical Fiber staff told the Economic Observer Reporter, a reasonable comparison should be based on the assumption that a product will eventually be sold in the United States. The respective costs of manufacturing and exporting to the United States and manufacturing in the United States are such that market and sales-oriented cost estimates are reasonable. of. Cao Dewang also made similar remarks recently. Recently, in an interview with the Global Times, Cao Dewang said that the United States is the world's largest automobile producer. Fuyao, as a manufacturer of automobile glass, must set up a factory in the United States to enter the US market and claim that Fuyao is only China. A microcosm of the increase in the pace of foreign investment by enterprises. Since the beginning of this year, China’s foreign investment has become more and more obvious than the actual use of foreign capital. China’s foreign investment has achieved 13 consecutive years of growth, with an average annual growth rate of 33.6%.
In the 2010 financial report, Fuyao Glass revealed a sense of crisis. For the first time, it revealed a series of risks surrounding the company, including rising costs, market variables and a series of uncontrollable factors of exchange rate fluctuations, approaching the company step by step. According to its financial report, since October 2010, CPI has risen more than 4% for four consecutive months. Within two months, the central government has repeatedly emphasized the active regulation of the macro economy. The main raw materials of the company's products, such as float glass and PVB raw materials, are under the influence of natural gas pricing, crude oil, coal power and other reform mechanisms, and prices are rising step by step, which aggravates the cost.
The bigger threat lies in a series of variables in the automotive market. In those two years, Beijing’s “restriction order” was gradually causing other cities to follow suit. The company described domestic auto production in its earnings report. After experiencing more than 30% explosive growth in 2009-2010, China became the world's largest auto market. The development of the top automotive market seems to mean a slowdown in market growth. In January 2011, automobile production decreased by 3.58% from the previous month, and only increased by 11.33% year-on-year. As a company that focuses on the production of automotive glass and relies heavily on the automotive industry, Fuyao needs to further expand its market internationally.

Overseas road
The determination of Cao Dewang to go out to the sea stems from a failed cooperation with Saint-Gobain in France in 1996. Saint-Gobain is an international company specializing in the development, manufacture and sale of materials for construction, transportation, infrastructure and industrial applications. In 1996, Cao Dewang and Saint-Gobain reached an agreement. Saint-Gobain became a shareholder of Fuyao Group, holding 42% of the shares and became the controlling shareholder. Cao Dewang continued to serve as the chairman of Fuyao Group.
Cao Dewang's idea is to help Fuyao Group to enter the overseas market through the advanced technology of Saint-Gobain. However, Saint-Gobain is an international group that has a division of labor for its subsidiaries around the world. Its positioning for Fuyao is only to serve the Chinese market.
During the three years of cooperation between Saint-Gobain and Fuyao, the reports of Chinese, English and French that Cao Dewang conveyed to Saint-Gobain were 50 cm high, but none of them was approved. Cao Dewang did not even know who was responsible for management in France.
Cao Dewang understands that Saint-Gobain is forcing him to go down. In the end, in 1999, Fuyao Group and Cao Dewang teamed up to repurchase shares of Saint-Gobain with a total investment of 30 million US dollars, completely out of Saint-Gobain. It is also this experience that made Cao Dewang understand that the top 500 companies that had previously worshipped the five-body land were just like this, which strengthened Cao Dewang’s determination to go international.
Today, the auto glass manufacturing giant has more than 30% of its revenue source abroad. According to its official website, Fuyao's products account for 20% of the global market. In 2013, it became China with a revenue of RMB11.5 billion and a net profit of RMB1.9 billion. First, the world's second largest auto glass manufacturer.
For Fuyao, which has more than one-third of overseas business, how to allocate resources globally is an indispensable part of the internationalization process. Just like the "king of foundry" Taiwan Hon Hai (Foxconn), going to low-cost places to obtain profits is the inherent profitability of enterprises.
In October this year, Fuyao held a completion ceremony at the US$600 million Dayton plant in the United States. Cao Dewang said that Fuyao’s overall investment in the United States will reach 1 billion U.S. dollars, providing 5,000 jobs, which is the Chinese manufacturing industry. One of the biggest investments.
"Cao Dewang ran away" - this is the reaction of Fuyao's investment in setting up a factory in the United States, Cao Dewang's comparison between China and the United States. This continues the previous logic of "Li Jiacheng ran away" - Li Ka-shing, the "richest man" in recent years, sold a lot of assets in China and invested in the UK.
This is not the first time that Cao Dewang was "running" by outside rumors. In 1991, when Fuyao Group was planning to go public at the time, there were rumors that Cao Dewang wanted to circle money and go abroad. Rumors are naturally fake, and Cao Dewang has not run. This time, Cao Dewang also responded to the outside world. He is 70 years old. He will not drive a foreign language. He can't enter the mainstream society. What are you going to the United States?

Real Cao Dewang
Cao Dewang and the automotive glass edge began in 1984. At that time, Cao Dewang went to Wuyishan to play, and by the way bought a crutches for his mother. When he got on the bus, the driver reminded him not to break the glass or "can't afford it." "I am doing glass, how can I not afford it?" Cao Dewang was stunned at the time. Later, when I asked, I realized that the price of auto glass is amazing. A Mazda car glass costs 6,000 yuan. If it is urgent, it costs 8,000 yuan. If the auto glass is broken, it will be very troublesome to change. Because there is no domestic peeling, the imported glass is very expensive.
Cao Dewang thought at the time that if he produced a few hundred pieces of auto glass, he would not only replace the imported auto glass, but also let the people enjoy the benefits and earn money.
Cao Dewang quickly purchased drawings, equipment and equipment for automobile glass from Fei Kungfu and started to produce auto glass in May 1984. In 1987, with the support of the Fuqing County Government, the Alpine Glass Factory, which was originally focused on the production of water meter glass, was changed to a joint venture in the county, specializing in the production of automotive glass. In 1989, China National Automotive Industry Corporation took a stake. In 1993, the stock was listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and became the first listed company in the same industry in China.
In the process of growing a company, the company has repeatedly collided with various interest groups. In 1986, the nationwide rural party rectification campaign was carried out. The director of the town party office came to check the accounts of the glass factory, and subsequently accused Cao Dewang of corrupting more than 100,000 yuan. Cao Dewang was anxious to find the secretary of the county party committee he had never seen before. It was argued that despite the support of the secretary, the political party office subsequently obtained the Fuqing City and Fujian Provincial Agriculture Committee.
In fact, Cao Dewang’s brother Cao Dejun worked in the provincial agricultural committee office. He complained that Cao Dewang’s letter had passed his hand, but he did not scream and allowed the provincial investigation to prove Cao Dewang’s innocence. Since then, in 1988, the Fujian International Dragon Boat Festival faced the breach of contract by the Provincial Sports Commission, faced with the local government's human rights project, and facing the US dumping allegations, Cao Dewang always confronted the front.
Cao Dewang, who has been in business for half a lifetime, once said that his most proud thing for so many years is that he did not send a moon cake to the officials. Many entrepreneurs participate in various awards, ceremonies, clubs, high-profile slogans, speeches, etc. for various needs or reasons, and Cao Dewang rarely appears in such public occasions.
Cao Dewang said that he would not run because "China is China's China" and entrepreneurs must have the mentality of "reporting the country for the people." And Cao Dewang’s mentality of “reporting the country for the people” is the financial, IT, real estate and other industries. He does not make much money. The reason is that it is not good for the country. Many people find him to be a private fund, but he prefers to donate to charity. Institutions, and recently also said that "China's manufacturing industry, although large, has not yet entered the real industrialization, but has entered the virtual economy."
This shows Cao Dewang's insistence on glass and manufacturing, as well as his personal recognition of the value of industry. Coincidentally, Dong Mingzhu, chairman of Gree Electric Appliance Co., which is also considered to be one of the representatives of China's manufacturing industry, recently said that after 90 years, he would not want to go to the real economy to work, and to open an online shop to make money at home, there are hidden dangers to the national real economy.
Today, Trump, which won the US election, plans to revive the industry and reverse the process of “de-industrialization”. In China, although the relevant favorable policies brought by “Made in China 2025” have stimulated some industries, there are probably more and more sounds like Cao Dewang reflecting the real difficulties faced by manufacturing.

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A comparison of the cost of manufacturing between China and the United States may not be entirely in line with commercial realities, but it reflects the current predicament of China's manufacturing industry. Cao Dewang set off the society's concern and discussion on China's manufacturing industry, and China, as a manufacturing power, needs more real voices from first-line entrepreneurs.

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