Detailed working principle of the network switch

[ Huaqiang Security Network News ]

In today's Internet-developed era, what is the principle of network switches is still a detailed understanding of us.

Network switch

One of the principles of network switches

The work of the AC machine

1. The AC establishes a mapping of the address to the AC port according to the source MAC address in the received data frame and writes it into the MAC address table.

2. The AC machine fights the destination MAC address in the data frame with the established MAC address table to determine which port to enter the spleen.

3. If the destination MAC address in the data frame is not in the MAC address table, it is forwarded to all ports. This process is called flooding.

4. Broadcast frames and multicast frames are forwarded to all ports.

The principle of network switch

The three primary functions of the AC machine

Further training: The Ethernet AC machine tastes the MAC address of the device connected to each port, and maps the address to the responding port and stores it in the MAC address table in the AC cache.

Forward/Filter: When the destination address of a data frame is mapped in the MAC address table, it is forwarded to the port adjacent to the destination node instead of all ports (if the data frame is a broadcast/multicast frame, it is forwarded to all ports) .

Elimination loop: When the AC machine collects a redundant loop, the Ethernet communicator avoids the loop through the spanning tree and negotiates the existence of a backup path.

The principle of network switch

Working characteristics of the AC machine

1. The network segment adjacent to each port of the AC is a self-defense collision domain.

2. The equipment adjacent to the AC is still in a wide area, that is, the AC does not stop the distance broadcast (the only exception is in the case of a VLAN).

3. The AC machine looks at the spleen according to the information of the frame header. It means that the AC machine is a collection device working at the data link layer (the AC machine here refers only to the traditional Layer 2 communication device).

The fourth principle of network switches

Classification of AC machines

In accordance with the divergent operation mode of the communication machine to deal with the frame, it can be divided into two categories:

Store and forward: The AC must receive the entire frame before forwarding, and perform error check. If there is no error, send the frame to the destination address. The forwarding delay of the frame via the alternator changes with the divergence of the frame length.

Longitudinal: The AC will forward the frame as soon as it detects the destination address contained in the frame header, and does not need to expect the full number of frames to be accepted. Because the length of the Ethernet frame header is always fixed, the forwarding delay of the frame through the exchange is also unchanged.

The above four points are introduced in detail about the principle of the network switch. This knowledge is still necessary for people who are new to the Internet.

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