Application and development trend of mechatronics technology

The development of modern science and technology has greatly promoted the intersection and penetration of different disciplines, which has caused technological transformation and revolution in the engineering field. In the field of mechanical engineering, due to the rapid development of microelectronics and computer technology and the mechatronics formed by the penetration of the machinery industry, the technical structure, product structure, function and composition, production methods and management systems of the machinery industry have occurred. Great changes have made industrial production from the "mechanical electrification" into the development stage characterized by "mechatronics."

First, the core technology of mechatronics

Mechatronics includes both software and hardware technologies. The hardware is composed of mechanical body, sensor, information processing unit and drive unit. Therefore, in order to accelerate the development of mechatronics, we must start from the following aspects:

(1) Mechanical body technology

The mechanical body must be considered in terms of improving performance, reducing quality, and improving accuracy. Modern mechanical products are generally based on steel materials. In order to reduce the quality, in addition to structural improvements, non-metallic composite materials should also be considered. Only when the mechanical body is lightened, it is possible to achieve miniaturization of the drive system, thereby improving the fast response characteristics, reducing energy consumption, and improving efficiency in terms of control.

(2) Sensing technology

Sensor problems are focused on improving reliability, sensitivity, and accuracy, and improving reliability is directly related to interference prevention. In order to avoid electrical interference, there is currently a trend to adopt fiber optic cable sensors. For external information sensors, non-contact detection technology is currently being developed.

(3) Information processing technology

Mechatronics is closely linked to the remarkable advancement of microelectronics and the popularization and application of information processing equipment (especially microcomputers). In order to further develop mechatronics, it is necessary to improve the reliability of information processing equipment, including the reliability of the analog-to-digital conversion equipment and the reliability of the input and output of time-sharing processing, thereby increasing the processing speed and solving the problem of anti-interference and standardization.

(four) drive technology

Motors have been widely adopted as drive mechanisms, but there are still some problems in terms of quick response and efficiency. At present, the motor with an encoder inside and the servo-driven unit that controls the special component-sensor-motor trinity are being actively developed.

(5) Interface technology

In order to communicate with a computer, it is necessary to standardize and normalize the format of data transfer. The use of the same standard specification for the interface not only facilitates information transfer and maintenance, but also simplifies the design. At present, technicians are working on the development of low-cost, high-speed serial interfaces to solve the problems of non-contact of signal cables, large-capacity, miniaturization, and standardization of optical fibers and optical devices.

(vi) Software technology

Software and hardware must evolve in unison. In order to reduce the development cost of software and improve the efficiency of production and maintenance, it is necessary to gradually implement software standardization, including program standardization, program modularization, software program curing, and implementation of software engineering.

Second, the main application areas of mechatronics technology

(1) CNC machine tools

After 40 years of development, CNC machine tools and corresponding CNC technology have rapidly improved in structure, function, operation and control accuracy. The specific performance is as follows:

1. Bus-type, modular, and compact structure, that is, an architecture using multiple CPUs and multiple main buses.

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